Short Summary
Ella Fitzgerald was a renowned American jazz singer, often referred to as the "First Lady of Song." Her career spanned over six decades, during which she became famous for her pure tone, impeccable diction, and improvisational ability, particularly in scat singing. Fitzgerald's immense contributions to jazz and popular music earned her numerous awards, including 13 Grammy Awards, and she remains one of the most celebrated and influential vocalists in music history.
Early Life & Education
Ella Fitzgerald was born on April 25, 1917, in Newport News, Virginia, but she grew up in Yonkers, New York. After her parents separated, she lived with her mother, Tempie, and stepfather, Joseph Da Silva. As a child, Fitzgerald was passionate about dancing and aspired to become a dancer. She attended Benjamin Franklin Junior High School and later DeWitt Clinton High School. Her early life was marked by hardship following her mother's death, which led to a period of instability. Despite these challenges, her love for music persisted, and she began performing at amateur nights, where her vocal talent was soon recognized.
Career Highlights
Fitzgerald's career took off when she won an amateur contest at the Apollo Theater in 1934. Shortly thereafter, she joined Chick Webb's orchestra and recorded several hits, including "A-Tisket, A-Tasket." After Webb's death, Fitzgerald led the band for a time before launching a successful solo career. She signed with Decca Records in the mid-1940s and later with Verve Records, where she recorded the critically acclaimed "Songbook" series. Fitzgerald collaborated with numerous jazz legends, such as Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington, and was celebrated for her performances at venues worldwide.
Major Achievements
- Won 13 Grammy Awards, including the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.
- Became the first African American woman to win a Grammy Award in 1959.
- Recorded the iconic "Songbook" series, which featured works by Cole Porter, Duke Ellington, and others.
- Inducted into the Down Beat Jazz Hall of Fame in 1967.
- Awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1992.
Famous Quotes
- "The only thing better than singing is more singing."
- "Just don't give up trying to do what you really want to do."
Interesting Facts
- Ella Fitzgerald was the first African American woman to perform at the Metropolitan Opera House.
- She had a three-octave vocal range, which contributed to her versatility as a singer.
- Fitzgerald was known for her love of cooking and was an accomplished chef in her own right.
- She appeared in several films and television shows, including "Pete Kelly's Blues" and "The Frank Sinatra Show."
- Fitzgerald was a lifelong supporter of children’s charities and established the Ella Fitzgerald Charitable Foundation in 1993.
Legacy / Influence
Ella Fitzgerald's influence on jazz and popular music is profound. She set new standards for vocalists with her innovative use of vocal technique and improvisation. Her recordings continue to inspire musicians and singers across genres, and her legacy is celebrated through numerous tributes and honors. Fitzgerald's ability to transcend racial barriers and appeal to diverse audiences has made her a symbol of artistic excellence and cultural unity.
FAQ
Q: Why is Ella Fitzgerald famous?
A: She is famous for her remarkable contributions to jazz and popular music as a singer with a pure tone and exceptional improvisational skills.
Q: How did Ella Fitzgerald start her career?
A: Her career began after winning an amateur night at the Apollo Theater, leading to her joining Chick Webb's orchestra.
Q: What is Ella Fitzgerald's most famous work?
A: Her "Songbook" recordings are among her most acclaimed works, featuring classic songs by renowned composers.
