Frances Kelsey Biography

Short Summary

Frances Kelsey was a Canadian-American pharmacologist and physician known for her role in preventing the approval of thalidomide in the United States. Her diligent investigation into the drug's safety concerns saved countless lives and led to significant changes in drug regulation policies. Kelsey is celebrated for her unwavering commitment to public health and her pivotal role in strengthening the drug approval process in the U.S.

Early Life & Education

Frances Kathleen Oldham was born on July 24, 1914, in Cobble Hill, British Columbia, Canada. She grew up in a family that valued education and intellectual curiosity. Frances attended St. Margaret’s School in Victoria and later pursued higher education at McGill University, where she earned a Bachelor of Science degree in 1934, followed by a Master of Science in 1935. She then moved to the United States to attend the University of Chicago, where she completed her Ph.D. in Pharmacology in 1938, setting the foundation for her future contributions to medicine and public health.

Career Highlights

After completing her education, Frances Kelsey embarked on a distinguished career in pharmacology and medicine. She initially worked at the University of Chicago, where she met her husband, Dr. Fremont Ellis Kelsey. In 1960, she joined the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), where she reviewed new drug applications. Her most significant professional achievement came when she refused to approve thalidomide, a drug used to treat morning sickness, due to safety concerns. Her insistence on thorough testing prevented widespread birth defects, establishing her as a key figure in drug safety regulation.

Major Achievements

Prevented the approval of thalidomide in the U.S., averting a public health disaster.
Received the President’s Award for Distinguished Federal Civilian Service from President John F. Kennedy in 1962.
Played a critical role in the passage of the 1962 Kefauver Harris Amendment, which strengthened drug regulation.
Inducted into the National Women’s Hall of Fame in 2000 for her contributions to public health.

Famous Quotes

"Science is a series of trial and error, and experiments are the trials."
"I think the public can be protected only when there is a proper testing of drugs."

Interesting Facts

Frances Kelsey was one of the first women to be hired by the FDA.
She continued to work at the FDA until her retirement at age 90.
Kelsey was posthumously awarded the FDA's first-ever Dr. Frances O. Kelsey Award for Excellence and Courage in Protecting Public Health.

Legacy / Influence

Frances Kelsey’s legacy lies in her unwavering commitment to drug safety and her influence on pharmaceutical regulations. Her work led to more stringent drug approval processes and heightened awareness of the importance of thorough clinical testing. Her actions continue to inspire regulatory agencies worldwide, emphasizing the critical role of vigilance and integrity in protecting public health.