Short Summary
Garrett A. Morgan was an influential American inventor and businessman renowned for his innovations, which significantly impacted public safety and transportation. His most notable inventions include the three-position traffic signal and a safety hood, which was a precursor to modern gas masks. Morgan's work demonstrated remarkable foresight and ingenuity, making him a prominent figure in early 20th-century America. His contributions have saved countless lives and continue to be integral to everyday safety mechanisms used around the world.
Early Life & Education
Born on March 4, 1877, in Claysville, Kentucky, Garrett Morgan was the seventh of eleven children in his family. His parents, Sydney and Elizabeth Morgan, were former enslaved people, which influenced his understanding of perseverance and determination. Morgan's formal education was limited to elementary school, after which he moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, at the age of 14 to seek employment. His early experiences in the North exposed him to diverse industries and innovative thinking, laying the groundwork for his future inventions and entrepreneurial endeavors.
Career Highlights
Morgan's career began with various jobs, including sewing machine repairman, which highlighted his mechanical aptitude. In 1907, he established a sewing machine and shoe repair shop, followed by a successful tailoring business. His interest in public safety led to the invention of a safety hood in 1914, which gained recognition after being used in a rescue mission during a tunnel explosion. In 1923, he patented a traffic signal device with a third, cautionary signal, which became a precursor to modern traffic lights. These innovations underscored his commitment to improving public safety and efficiency.
Major Achievements
- Invented the three-position traffic signal in 1923, enhancing road safety by introducing a cautionary phase.
- Developed the "safety hood" in 1914, which was a significant advancement in respiratory protection and a precursor to the gas mask.
- Founded the Cleveland Call newspaper in 1920, contributing to African American journalism.
Famous Quotes
- "If you can be the best, then why not try to be the best?"
- "I had to do something about it; I wanted to make a difference."
Interesting Facts
- Morgan's traffic signal invention was purchased by General Electric for $40,000.
- He was one of the first African Americans in Cleveland to own an automobile.
- His safety hood was used by the United States Army during World War I.
- Morgan received a gold medal from the International Association of Fire Chiefs for his safety hood invention.
Legacy / Influence
Garrett A. Morgan's inventions have left a lasting impact on public safety and transportation. His traffic signal design laid the foundation for modern traffic lights, significantly improving road safety worldwide. The safety hood has evolved into the gas masks used in various industries and military applications today. Morgan's work exemplifies innovation and resilience, inspiring future generations of inventors and entrepreneurs.
FAQ
Q: Why is Garrett A. Morgan famous?
A: He is famous for inventing the three-position traffic signal and the safety hood, which contributed significantly to public safety.
Q: What impact did Garrett A. Morgan have on society?
A: His inventions improved road and workplace safety, saving countless lives and influencing future technological developments.
Q: Did Garrett A. Morgan face any challenges?
A: Yes, as an African American inventor in the early 20th century, he faced racial discrimination but persevered to achieve significant success.
