Short Summary
Garrett Augustus Morgan was an African-American inventor and entrepreneur recognized for his significant contributions to public safety and convenience. Among his most famous inventions are the three-position traffic signal and a safety hood that served as a precursor to the modern gas mask. Morgan's creativity and ingenuity earned him a place in history as a pioneer in both safety devices and as a successful African-American businessman during a time of racial discrimination.
Early Life & Education
Garrett Augustus Morgan was born on March 4, 1877, in Claysville, Kentucky, to former slaves Sydney and Elizabeth Morgan. Growing up in the aftermath of the Civil War, he faced many challenges, including limited access to formal education. Despite these obstacles, Morgan was determined to learn; he attended elementary school in Kentucky and had to move to Cincinnati, Ohio, at the age of 14 to find work. His early experiences shaped his resilience and entrepreneurial spirit, fostering his interest in mechanics and machines, which would later drive his innovative career.
Career Highlights
Garrett Morgan's career is marked by his inventive spirit and entrepreneurial success. He initially worked as a sewing machine repairman, which led him to open his own sewing equipment and repair shop in 1907. His interest in mechanics spurred the invention of a safety hood in 1914, designed to protect firefighters from smoke inhalation. Morgan's career furthered with the creation of the three-position traffic signal in 1923, which significantly improved road safety. His business acumen extended to other ventures, including founding a newspaper, the Cleveland Call, which served the African-American community.
Major Achievements
- Invented the safety hood, which was a forerunner to the modern gas mask and saved many lives during the Lake Erie crib disaster.
- Developed the three-position traffic signal, enhancing road safety and reducing accidents.
- Founded the Cleveland Call newspaper, providing a vital voice for the African-American community.
- Successfully ran several businesses, including a sewing equipment company, showcasing his entrepreneurial skills.
Famous Quotes
- "If you can be the best, then why not try to be the best?"
- "I am not discouraged, because every wrong attempt discarded is another step forward."
Interesting Facts
- Garrett Morgan only had an elementary school education.
- His safety hood was used by the U.S. Army during World War I.
- Morgan was the first African-American in Cleveland to own a car.
- He was awarded a patent for his traffic signal in 1923.
- Morgan also created a hair-straightening product, which became a commercial success.
Legacy / Influence
Garrett Morgan's legacy is one of innovation and breaking racial barriers. His inventions, particularly the traffic signal and safety hood, have had lasting impacts on public safety and continue to influence modern technology. By overcoming racial discrimination and achieving success as an inventor and businessman, Morgan paved the way for future generations of African-American entrepreneurs and inventors.
FAQ
Q: Why is Garrett Augustus Morgan famous?
A: He is famous for inventing the safety hood and the three-position traffic signal, both significant contributions to public safety.
Q: What impact did his traffic signal have?
A: Morgan's traffic signal improved road safety by introducing a three-position system, reducing accidents at intersections.
Q: Did Garrett Morgan face racial challenges?
A: Yes, as an African-American, he faced significant racial discrimination but still succeeded as an inventor and entrepreneur.
Q: How did Morgan's safety hood contribute during emergencies?
A: It protected wearers from smoke, allowing them to breathe safely during firefighting and rescue operations.
