Short Summary
Jesse Ernest Wilkins Jr was an exceptional American mathematician, engineer, and physicist known for his significant contributions to nuclear science and engineering. He was one of the first African Americans to be involved in the Manhattan Project and later became the president of the American Nuclear Society. His work in mathematics and nuclear engineering paved the way for future generations of scientists and engineers, making him a key figure in the development of nuclear energy.
Early Life & Education
Born on November 27, 1923, in Chicago, Illinois, Wilkins was the son of a prominent attorney, Jesse Ernest Wilkins Sr. Displaying prodigious talent in mathematics from a young age, he enrolled at the University of Chicago at just 13 years old. By the age of 19, he had earned a bachelor's degree in mathematics, followed by a master's degree. His early influences included his family and the academic environment at the University of Chicago, which nurtured his intellectual growth and set the stage for his future achievements in science and engineering.
Career Highlights
Wilkins joined the Manhattan Project during World War II, where he worked on neutron absorption in the construction of nuclear reactors. Post-war, he pursued further studies, earning his Ph.D. in mathematics from the University of Chicago. He later became a research scientist at the United Nuclear Corporation and contributed significantly to the fields of optics and nuclear engineering. Wilkins also held academic positions, including a professorship at Howard University, where he mentored many young scientists. His career was marked by a dedication to both research and education, influencing numerous advancements in nuclear science.
Major Achievements
- Contributed to the Manhattan Project, aiding in the development of nuclear reactors.
- Became the first African American member of the National Academy of Engineering in 1976.
- Served as president of the American Nuclear Society, promoting nuclear science.
- Pioneered work in optics, particularly in the study of light reflection and refraction.
- Received the prestigious Wilkins Award, named in his honor, recognizing outstanding contributions in mathematics.
Famous Quotes
- "I had the feeling that because of my race, I was being pushed into a certain corner."
- "I have tried to prove that I am just as good as anybody else, and I think I have done so."
Interesting Facts
- He entered the University of Chicago at the age of 13, showcasing his early brilliance.
- Wilkins was one of the first African Americans to work on the Manhattan Project.
- In 1970, he became the second African American to be elected to the National Academy of Engineering.
- His father, Jesse Ernest Wilkins Sr., was a prominent attorney and community leader.
- Wilkins also made contributions to the field of optics, beyond his work in nuclear science.
Legacy / Influence
Jesse Ernest Wilkins Jr's legacy is profound in both mathematics and nuclear engineering. His groundbreaking work on the Manhattan Project and his academic contributions have inspired countless scientists and engineers, particularly from underrepresented communities. His dedication to education and research helped pave the way for future generations, leaving an indelible mark on the scientific community.
FAQ
Q: Why is this person famous?
A: Jesse Ernest Wilkins Jr is famous for his contributions to nuclear science and mathematics, particularly his work on the Manhattan Project.
Q: What was his role in the Manhattan Project?
A: He worked on neutron absorption, which was critical in the development of nuclear reactors.
Q: Did he receive any honors or awards?
A: Yes, he was the first African American member of the National Academy of Engineering and received the Wilkins Award in his honor.
