Short Summary
Ornette Coleman was an innovative American jazz saxophonist, violinist, trumpeter, and composer. He is renowned for pioneering the free jazz movement, which liberated the genre from its traditional harmony and rhythm constraints. His groundbreaking work has left an indelible impact on modern jazz, influencing countless musicians and redefining jazz music's boundaries. Coleman's unique approach to improvisation and composition made him a pivotal figure in the avant-garde jazz scene.
Early Life & Education
Born on March 9, 1930, in Fort Worth, Texas, Coleman grew up in a modest household. His mother was a seamstress, and his father passed away when he was young, leaving the family to face financial challenges. Despite these difficulties, he developed a passion for music early on, playing the alto saxophone by the age of 14. Largely self-taught, he was influenced by the rhythm and blues scene in his hometown. As a teenager, he played in local bands, honing his skills and developing what would become his signature style.
Career Highlights
In the late 1950s, Coleman moved to Los Angeles, where he began to develop his concept of free jazz. His 1959 album, "The Shape of Jazz to Come," marked a turning point in his career and jazz history. Throughout the 1960s, he released several influential albums, including "Free Jazz: A Collective Improvisation," which introduced the term "free jazz" to the world. He continued to experiment with different musical forms, incorporating elements of world music and other genres into his work. Coleman's career spanned over six decades, during which he collaborated with many prominent musicians and composers.
Major Achievements
- Won a Pulitzer Prize for Music in 2007 for his live album "Sound Grammar," making him one of the few jazz musicians to receive this honor.
- Received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 2007, recognizing his significant contributions to music.
- Inducted into the DownBeat Jazz Hall of Fame in 1969, solidifying his status as a jazz legend.
Famous Quotes
- "I play pure emotion."
- "The theme you play at the start of a number is the territory, and what comes after, which may have very little to do with it, is the adventure."
Interesting Facts
- His album "The Shape of Jazz to Come" was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 2015.
- Coleman developed a unique musical system he called "harmolodics," which emphasized the equality of harmony, melody, and rhythm.
- He was a recipient of the MacArthur Fellowship, often referred to as the "genius grant," in 1994.
Legacy / Influence
Ornette Coleman's legacy is profound, as he reshaped the landscape of jazz music by challenging its conventional structures. His innovative approach inspired generations of musicians and composers across genres, fostering a spirit of experimentation and creativity. His influence extends beyond jazz, impacting contemporary classical music, rock, and beyond, ensuring his place as a pioneering figure in modern music history.
FAQ
Q: Why is Ornette Coleman famous?
A: Because of his pioneering role in the free jazz movement and his innovative approach to music.
Q: What instrument did Ornette Coleman primarily play?
A: He primarily played the alto saxophone, but also played the violin and trumpet.
Q: Did Ornette Coleman receive any notable awards?
A: Yes, he received a Pulitzer Prize for Music and a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.
