Short Summary
Sir Charles Sherrington was a pioneering English neurophysiologist whose groundbreaking work on the functions of the brain and nervous system earned him the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1932. He is best known for his research on reflexes and the concept of the synapse, which are fundamental to our understanding of neurophysiology. His contributions have had a lasting impact on neuroscience, making him a prominent figure in the field.
Early Life & Education
Charles Scott Sherrington was born on November 27, 1857, in Islington, London. He was raised by his mother, Anne Brookes, after his father's death. Sherrington's education began at Ipswich School and continued at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, where he excelled in the natural sciences. His early interest in biology and medicine was influenced by prominent scientists of his time, including Michael Foster and John Newport Langley. Sherrington's academic journey laid the foundation for his future contributions to neurophysiology.
Career Highlights
Sherrington's career in neurophysiology began with his appointment as a lecturer at St Thomas's Hospital in London. His research on the nervous system and reflexes gained recognition, leading to his role as a professor at the University of Liverpool in 1895. During his tenure, he developed the concept of the synapse and conducted extensive studies on the spinal cord and reflexes. Sherrington's work culminated in his appointment as the Waynflete Professor of Physiology at the University of Oxford, where he continued to shape the field of neuroscience.
Major Achievements
- Developed the concept of the synapse, revolutionizing the understanding of neural communication.
- Conducted pioneering research on reflexes, providing insights into the functioning of the nervous system.
- Co-authored the influential book "The Integrative Action of the Nervous System" in 1906.
- Received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1932, sharing it with Edgar Adrian.
Famous Quotes
- "The brain is a world consisting of a number of unexplored continents and great stretches of unknown territory."
- "In the great puzzle of life we are only small pieces."
Interesting Facts
- Sherrington was also an accomplished poet, publishing under the pseudonym "Glanville."
- His work laid the groundwork for future research in neurobiology and psychology.
- Sherrington was knighted in 1922 for his contributions to science.
- He held honorary degrees from multiple universities worldwide.
- Sherrington's interests extended to philosophy, and he wrote on the relationship between science and philosophy.
Legacy / Influence
Charles Sherrington's contributions to neuroscience have had a profound impact on the field, influencing generations of researchers. His concepts of the synapse and integrative action of the nervous system remain fundamental to modern neurophysiology. Sherrington's work laid the foundation for advances in understanding the brain and nervous systems, shaping the direction of research in neuroscience and related disciplines.
FAQ
Q: Why is Charles Sherrington famous?
A: He is famous for his pioneering work on reflexes and the concept of the synapse, which are crucial to neuroscience.
Q: What did Charles Sherrington win the Nobel Prize for?
A: He won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1932 for his discoveries regarding the functions of neurons.
Q: What book did Charles Sherrington co-author?
A: He co-authored "The Integrative Action of the Nervous System" in 1906, a seminal work in neurophysiology.
